Jean-Henri Pape (German: Johann Heinrich Pape; 1787 - February 2, 1875) was a distinguished French piano maker in the early 19th century.
Pape was born in Sarstedt in 1787. He arrived in Paris in 1811 and secured employment with Pleyel, whose piano workshops he directed for several years. In 1815, he established his own manufacture of pianos, and almost annually for nearly forty years improved them with new inventions. His first grand pianos followed the English system of Broadwood and Tomkinson, though endowed with mechanical genius it was not long before he modified, then completely changed their principles of construction. Pape concentrated on defects in square and grand pianos caused by the structural gap between the sounding board and wrest plank allowing the hammers to strike the strings; the solution of placing actions above the strings had been imagined by Marius, then Hildebrand and finally Streicher in Vienna, but instead of levers and counterweights Pape's arrangement used a coil spring to raise the hammers quickly and with almost no effect on touch. This system was very successful in squares but lacked some lightness and delicacy in grand pianos. The variations he introduced in the forms and actions of upright pianos gave his instruments remarkable power.
The work of this skilled maker was rewarded by favorable reports of his instruments from the Societe d`encouragement pour l`industrie nationale in September 19, 1832 and from l`Academie des beaux-arts de l`institut de France in 1833, and he earned a gold medal at the National Exposition in 1834, as well as a medal of the Legion of Honor in 1839. Skilled in every aspect of mechanics, Pape invented a machine used to saw wood or ivory in spirals, and exhibited its results in 1827. One of his pianos was veneered with sheets of ivory nine feet long and two feet wide.
In 1875 Pape died in Asnieres-sur-Seine, near Paris, where he had continued research into the construction of the instrument that was his life`s work. For some time his son and nephew managed the factory he founded.
